Pacemakers: the device that gives rhythm to the heart
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The heart is the most sensitive and important organ of our body. In case of alterations of normal cardiac activity, it is essential to keep it under control. Some diseases can be solved thanks to the pacemaker, a simple device to be implanted. Its operation is explained to our specialist in vascular surgery
The pacemaker is a device formed by a generator (which includes a battery and an electronic device) and one or more wires (electrodes). The electrode is connected to the heart and to the generator that records all activity of the heart. When it detects a slow heartbeat (reduction of heart rate) sends an electrical pulse that causes a pulse or heartbeat.
To whom is recommended the pacemaker?
The pacemaker is recommended to patients with a low heart rate (below 50 bmp) and a disturbance to the electrical conduction system of the heart. About such disorders, the most common symptoms are nausea, fainting, general fatigue and 'shortness of breath'.
Pacemaker types
In addition to the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, there are different types of pacemakers with 1, 2 or 3 electrodes (resincronizzatori). Each device adapts to the individual patient and the specific disease to keep heart rhythm appears as natural as possible. Generally the battery of the pacemaker lasts between 5 and 10 years, this varies according to the intended use; in fact, the device of a patient who depends to 100% by the pacemaker will consume more battery compared to devices which, however, are activated occasionally, or when a problem occurs to the electrical conduction system of the heart.
Risks associated with pacemaker
The operation is very simple, requires local anesthesia and rapid postoperative recovery. As with all surgical procedures, the possibility of damage to the vein in which the electrode is substantial and can lead to infections or cardiac arrhythmia is inserted. However, generally, serious complications only for 1% of all cases.
Article written in collaboration with Dr.. Pedro Javier Aranda Granados, a specialist in Cardiology